HAWC从M31发射伽马射线的限制

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HAWC从M31发射伽马射线的限制

Constraints on the Emission of Gamma Rays from M31 with HAWC

论文作者

HAWC Collaboration, Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Dichiara, S., Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fleischhack, H., Fraija, N., Galván-Gámez, A., García-Aguilar, D., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kieda, D., Lee, W. H., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Marinelli, S. S., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Peisker, A., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ren, Z., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Rosenberg, M., Rubenzahl, R., Salazar, H., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Tabachnick, E., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Villaseñor, L., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Zepeda, A., Zhou, H.

论文摘要

众所周知，宇宙射线以及恒星辐射和磁场，占星系能量密度的很大一部分，例如银河系。当宇宙射线在星际介质中相互作用时，它们会产生伽马射线发射，这提供了宇宙射线如何传播的重要迹象。位于785 kpc的仙女座星系（M31）的伽玛射线为研究宇宙射线加速度和扩散提供了独特的机会，该银河系具有与银河系相似的结构和进化。使用来自高海拔水cherenkov天文台的33个月数据，我们从M31的银河平面中搜索TEV伽马射线。我们还通过在银河核上方和下方寻找类似费米气泡的结构来研究M31中银河活性的过去和现在证据。未观察到没有明显的伽马射线发射，因此我们使用NULL结果来计算M31中宇宙射线的能量密度$> 10 $ TEV。计算出的上限大约是费米LAT结果外推的预期的十倍。

Cosmic rays, along with stellar radiation and magnetic fields, are known to make up a significant fraction of the energy density of galaxies such as the Milky Way. When cosmic rays interact in the interstellar medium, they produce gamma-ray emission which provides an important indication of how the cosmic rays propagate. Gamma rays from the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), located 785 kpc away, provide a unique opportunity to study cosmic-ray acceleration and diffusion in a galaxy with a structure and evolution very similar to the Milky Way. Using 33 months of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, we search for TeV gamma rays from the galactic plane of M31. We also investigate past and present evidence of galactic activity in M31 by searching for Fermi Bubble-like structures above and below the galactic nucleus. No significant gamma-ray emission is observed, so we use the null result to compute upper limits on the energy density of cosmic rays $>10$ TeV in M31. The computed upper limits are approximately ten times higher than expected from the extrapolation of the Fermi LAT results.

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