论文标题
随着时间的流逝，测量女性的表现和影响
Measuring Female Representation and Impact in Films over Time
论文作者
论文摘要
女性在电影中的代表性一直不足，直到最近才能改善电影中女性的代表。为了调查女性代表性的改善及其与电影成功的关系，我们提出了一种新的措施，女性铸造比，并将其与常用的Bechdel测试结果进行比较。我们使用$ L_1 $罚款和随机森林模型采用广泛的线性回归来确定影响女性代表的预测因子，并评估女性代表性与电影在三个方面的成功之间的关系：收入/预算比率，评级和受欢迎程度。我们研究中的三个重要发现强调了电影界女性在上游和下游面临的困难。首先，女性电影制片人，尤其是女性剧本作家，对于电影具有更好的女性代表性的作用，但女性电影制片人的百分比非常低。其次，有可能讲述有关女性的有见地故事的电影通常会提供较低的预算，这通常会导致电影又受到更多的批评。最后，电影观众对更好的女性代表的需求也不足以迫使电影界改变，因为女性代表不佳的电影在票房中仍然非常受欢迎和成功。
Women have always been underrepresented in movies and not until recently has the representation of women in movies improved. To investigate the improvement of female representation and its relationship with a movie's success, we propose a new measure, the female cast ratio, and compare it to the commonly used Bechdel test result. We employ generalized linear regression with $L_1$ penalty and a Random Forest model to identify the predictors that influence female representation, and evaluate the relationship between female representation and a movie's success in three aspects: revenue/budget ratio, rating, and popularity. Three important findings in our study have highlighted the difficulties women in the film industry face both upstream and downstream. First, female filmmakers, especially female screenplay writers, are instrumental for movies to have better female representation, but the percentage of female filmmakers has been very low. Second, movies that have the potential to tell insightful stories about women are often provided with lower budgets, and this usually causes the films to in turn receive more criticism. Finally, the demand for better female representation from moviegoers has also not been strong enough to compel the film industry to change, as movies that have poor female representation can still be very popular and successful in the box office.
