DB43/T266—2023 4 43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 65.020 B 31 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2023-0 8发布-22 2023-11实施-2 2常宁无渣生姜栽培技术规程 Code of Practice for Changning Residue-free Ginger DB43/T 2664—2023 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ························ Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ······ 1 3 术语和定义 ································ ································ ································ ············ 1 4 地块选择 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 1 5 种姜选择与处理 ································ ································ ································ ··· 1 6 施基肥整地 ································ ································ ································ ············ 2 7 播种 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 2 8 田间管理 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 2 9 采收 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 3 10 清园 ································ ································ ································ ···················· 3 11 贮藏 ································ ································ ································ ···················· 3 12 档案管理 ································ ································ ································ ·············· 4 附录A（资料性） 生姜主要病虫害及防治措施 ································ ································ · 5 附录B（资料性） 栽培管理档案 ································ ································ ··················· 6 DB43/T 2664—2023 II DB43/T 2664—2023 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1 —2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起 草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：常宁市湖广熟惠农服务有限责任公司、湖南农业大学、湖南省土壤肥料研究所、 常宁市蔬菜协会。 本文件主要起草人：郭红英、王锋、刘琼峰、王淑仓、秦丹、谭亦成、郭云金、肖明红、雷晓英、 秦柏生、徐鸿鸣、赵玲艳、张涛、廖定思。 DB43/T 2664—2023 IV DB43/T 2664—2023 1 常宁无渣生姜栽培技术规程 1 范围 本规程规定了常宁无渣生姜栽培的术语和定义、地块选择、 种姜选择与处理、整地施基肥、播种、 田间管理、采收、清园、贮藏、档案管理等技术要求。 本规程适用于常宁无渣生姜的栽培。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。 其中， 注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB/T 8321 （所有部分） 农药合理使用准则 NY/T 391 绿色食品 产地环境质量 NY/T 394 绿色食品 肥料使用准则 NY/T 525 有机肥料 NY/T 105 6 绿色食品 贮藏运输准则 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 常宁无渣生姜 changning residue -free Ginger 湖南省常宁市白沙镇、西岭镇一带生姜品种。表皮淡黄，顶芽紫红，外形肥大，姜瓣粗壮，地下茎 一般有4 级～6 级分枝；肉质脆而细嫩，姜味柔和，辛辣而不烈，嚼之无渣，可鲜食和加工。 4 地块选择 4.1 地块环境条件应符合 NY/T 391 的规定。区域为湖南省常宁市白沙镇、西岭镇 2个乡镇31个行政村。 4.2 宜选择地势平坦、排灌方便、土层疏松深厚、有机 质丰富、 pH 值中性或微酸性、远离污染源的壤 土或沙壤土。 4.3 不宜选择前茬为番茄、茄子、辣椒、马铃薯等茄科作物的地块以及黏重的涝洼地。 5 种姜选择与处理 5.1 种姜选择 从生长健壮、无病、高产的地块上选留肥壮、芽头饱满、颜色鲜亮、无病虫害、无腐烂、无损伤、 DB43/T 2664—2023 2 未受冻的姜块作为种姜。 5.2 种姜处理 5.2.1 晾晒 于播种前 40 天～45 天，把种姜掰成或切成 50 g～100 g的小块，每块至少保留 1个健壮的芽头， 伤口沾上草木灰或钙镁磷肥，然后将其平铺在干净的地上晾晒。 晾晒期间可喷药防治病虫害， 将5％阿维菌素乳油 30 mL、325 g/L苯甲•嘧菌酯悬浮液 40 mL添加 入15 kg水中混匀，可喷 600 kg左右的种姜。喷完一遍后晾晒半小时，再把种姜翻过来喷洒另一面。 1 天～3 天后，种姜外皮泛白时，于傍晚收进室内。晾晒过程中，剔除干瘪、瘦弱、发软、肉质变褐色的 姜块。 5.2.2 催芽 遮光催芽，温度 20 ℃～27 ℃，湿度 75％～80％，芽长0.5 cm～1 cm即可播种。 6 施基肥整地 6.1 翻耕 清除前茬作物，翻耕土壤 0.3 m～0.4 m。 6.2 施基肥 整地前每 667 m2撒施生石灰 50 kg～75 kg、有机肥 1000 kg～2000 kg、钙镁磷肥 50 kg，肥料质 量及施用符合 NY/T 394 、NY/T 525 要求。 6.3 整地作畦 畦面宽1.0 m～1.2 m，畦沟宽 0.3 m～0.4 m，深0.25 m～0.35 m；腰沟深、宽均为 0.3 m～0.4 m； 围沟深、宽均为 0.4 m～0.5 m。 7 播种 3月下旬至 4月下旬播种，行距 0.5 m左右，株距 0.25 m左右，穴深 0.25 m～0.30 m，播种后盖 4 cm～5 cm厚的细土，覆盖银黑色地膜。每 667 m2用种量250 kg～300 kg。 8 田间管理 8.1 破膜 播种后25 天左右，根据出苗