DB43/T2708—2023 43 湖 南 省 地 方 标 准ICS CCS 65.020.30 B 43 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局鸭冷冻精液制作技术规程 Code of practice for making frozen semen of drake 2023-08发布-22 2023-11实施-22 DB43/T 2708—2023 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ························ Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ······················ 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ······· 1 3 术语与定义 ································ ································ ································ ············· 1 4 准备工作 ································ ································ ································ ················ 1 5 精液采集 ································ ································ ································ ················ 3 6 精液稀释 ································ ································ ································ ················ 4 7 精液品质检测 ································ ································ ································ ·········· 4 8 细管冷冻精液制作 ································ ································ ································ ···· 4 9 细管冷冻精液品质检测 ································ ································ ······························ 5 10 细管冷冻精液存储和运输 ································ ································ ························· 6 11 数据记录 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 6 附录A 鸭精液冷冻用液配制与保存 ································ ································ ················· 7 附录B（资料性） 鸭采精按摩训练记录表 ································ ································ ········ 8 附录C（资料性） 鸭冷冻精液制作记录表 ································ ································ ······· 10 附录D（资料性） 鸭种蛋孵化操作 ································ ································ ················ 11 附录E 鸭冷冻精液输精种蛋孵化记录表 ································ ································ ·········· 14 DB43/T 2708—2023 II DB43/T 2708—2023 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1 —2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省畜牧兽医研究所、四川农业大学、全国畜牧总站、浏阳市农业发展事务中 心、湖南光大牧业科技有限公司、三穗县农业农村局、浏阳市农业农村局、衡阳市农业科学院、湖南陶 氏生态禽业科技发展有限公司。 本文件主要起草人：刘伯承、王继文、伍国强、燕海 峰、李安定、刘启红、胡继伟、孟飞、何珊珊、 隋鹤鸣、朱芳贤、邱美珍、姚碧琼、马玉勇、李闯、邓萍、赵晓、江为民、史芳。 DB43/T 2708—2023 IV DB43/T 2708—2023 1 鸭冷冻精液制作技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了鸭冷冻精液制作的准备工作，精液采集，精液稀释，精液品质检测，细管冷冻精液制 作，细管冷冻精液品质检测，细管冷冻精液存储和运输，数据记录。 本文件适用于鸭细管冷冻精液的制作。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。 其中， 注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引 用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB/T 30396 牛冷冻精液包装、标签、储存和运输 NY/T 823 家禽生产性能名词术语和度量计算方法 NY/T 1234 牛冷冻精液生产技术规程 NY/T 3458 种鸡人工授精技术规程 NY/T 4047 家禽精液品质检测方法 DB43/T 2412 鸡冷冻精液制作技术规程 3 术语和定义 GB/T 30396 界定的细管包装， NY/T 823 、NY/T 3458 界定的人工授精与种蛋孵化， NY/T 4047 界定 的精液品质检测等术语和定义适用于 本文件。 4 准备工作 4.1 种公鸭 4.1.1 雏鸭留种 按品种标准选留，来源不少于 30个家系，或者留种数量不少于 100只～120只（每个家系 3只～ 4只） 。 公母比例：不低于 5：1。 4.1.2 上笼前饲养 采用混群饲养，按照各品种种鸭饲养指南执行。 4.1.3 上笼 选择发育良好、超过平均体重的个体上笼。日龄与笼具尺寸见表 1。 DB43/T 2708—2023 2 表1 公鸭上笼日龄与笼具尺寸 上笼日龄（d） 笼具尺寸（宽 ×高×深，cm） 120～160 40×55×50 4.1.4 上笼后饲养 在上笼与采精等应激期间，拌喂电解 多维。 4.1.5 阴茎发育检查 公鸭性成熟为 160日龄～200日龄，利用阶段为 16月龄～18月龄。 操作者呈半蹲状，单膝轻轻压住鸭的背部靠脖颈处，使鸭头向后趴伏。抓住鸭尾羽向上轻提，使肛 门朝向操作者。左、右手的大拇指按住肛门两侧、食指和中指放在肛门下侧协同作用，向后下按压，使 鸭的腹压增大，轻松翻开泄殖腔，检查阴茎发育情况，正常成年公鸭阴茎长 5 cm～8 cm，粗约1 cm， 淘汰阴茎发育不良个体。 4.1.6 公鸭采精训练 4.1.6.1 训练周期 先采用背腹式按摩训练 5 d～7 d，后用产蛋母鸭诱情训练 5 d～7 d。 4.1.6.1 背腹式按摩 4.1.6.1.1 按摩要求 每天早上 7：00左右开始训练，禁止带手套训练，按摩频率与力度适度，按附录 B记录训练次数、 反应级别等数据。 第一天每只按摩 1 min，按摩频率为 100次/min～120次/min。第二天开始继续以 100次/min～120 次/min频率按摩至尾根明显上翘、泄殖腔膨大为止，最多训练 150 s/d（强度过大易使公鸭反射麻木， 外翻阴茎也看不到精液现象） 。 至第4 d～8 d时，模拟本交爬跨姿势，将公鸭放在母鸭背上，按摩